/* ============================================================
   Distill-style layout — post-distill layout
   ============================================================ */

/* --- Body/site reset for distill pages --- */
body:has(.d-title) {
  background-color: #fff;
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, sans-serif;
}

/* Break out of the 46em #site cage */
body:has(.d-title) #site {
  max-width: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  line-height: inherit;
}

/* #page overflow: auto kills position: sticky — remove it for distill pages */
body:has(.d-title) #page {
  overflow: visible;
  background: none;
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
  box-shadow: none;
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
}

/* ================================================================
   TITLE BLOCK — white background, left-aligned, large black type
   ================================================================ */
.d-title {
  background: #fff;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.88);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns:
    minmax(1.5rem, 80px)
    180px
    1fr
    200px
    minmax(1.5rem, 80px);
  column-gap: 40px;
  padding: 5rem 0 2rem;
}

.d-title h1,
.d-title .d-subtitle {
  grid-column: 3;
}

.d-title h1 {
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  font-size: 3.2rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.1;
  margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.d-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.55);
  margin: 0 0 2.5rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  max-width: 640px;
}

/* Thin rule separating title from byline */
.d-title-rule {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  margin: 0;
}

/* ================================================================
   BYLINE — tabular, labels above values, below a rule
   ================================================================ */
.d-byline {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns:
    minmax(1.5rem, 80px)
    180px
    1fr
    200px
    minmax(1.5rem, 80px);
  column-gap: 40px;
  padding: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

/* inner wrapper sits in article column (col 3) */
.d-byline-inner {
  grid-column: 3;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 2.5rem;
  padding: 1.25rem 0;
}

.d-byline-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.2rem;
}

.d-byline-label {
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
}

.d-byline-value {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.75);
}

/* ================================================================
   GRID LAYOUT — toc | article | gutter
   ================================================================ */
.d-article-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns:
    [screen-start] minmax(1.5rem, 80px)
    [toc-start] 180px
    [toc-end text-start] 1fr
    [text-end gutter-start] 200px
    [gutter-end] minmax(1.5rem, 80px)
    [screen-end];
  column-gap: 40px;
  align-items: start;
  padding: 3rem 0 6rem;
}

/* ================================================================
   TABLE OF CONTENTS
   ================================================================ */
.d-contents {
  grid-column: toc-start / toc-end;
  position: sticky;
  top: 2rem;
  padding-top: 0.5rem;
}

.d-contents h4 {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.75);
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}

.d-contents ul,
.d-contents ul ul {
  list-style: none !important;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.d-contents ul li,
.d-contents ul ul li {
  list-style: none !important;
  list-style-type: none !important;
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
}

.d-contents ul li a {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.65);
  text-decoration: none;
  line-height: 1.35;
  display: block;
  transition: color 0.12s;
}

.d-contents ul li a:hover {
  color: #009688;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* h3-level ToC items (indented) */
.d-contents ul ul {
  padding-left: 1rem;
  margin-top: 0.3rem;
}

.d-contents ul ul li {
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.d-contents ul ul li a {
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}

/* ================================================================
   ARTICLE BODY
   ================================================================ */
.d-article {
  grid-column: text-start / text-end;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.82);
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  min-width: 0;
  overflow: visible;
}

.d-article p {
  margin: 0 0 1em;
  text-align: left;
}

.d-article h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 2.5rem 0 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.4rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #009688;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.88);
  line-height: 1.3;
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
}

.d-article h3 {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 1.75rem 0 0.6rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
}

.d-article h4 {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 1.25rem 0 0.4rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.72);
}

.d-article hr {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
}

.d-article ul, .d-article ol {
  margin: 0 0 1em 0;
  padding-left: 1.5em;
}

.d-article ul li, .d-article ol li {
  margin-bottom: 0.35em;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.d-article ul li { list-style-type: disc; }
.d-article ol li { list-style-type: decimal; }

.d-article blockquote {
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
  border-left: 3px solid #009688;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.65);
  font-size: 0.97rem;
  background: hsl(0,0%,98.5%);
}

.d-article blockquote p { margin: 0; }

.d-article a {
  color: #004276;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(0,66,118,0.25);
}
.d-article a:hover {
  color: #009688;
  text-decoration-color: #009688;
}

/* ================================================================
   FIGURES
   ================================================================ */
.d-article figure.d-figure,
.d-article .d-figure {
  margin: 2rem 0;
  text-align: center;
}

.d-article figcaption,
.d-figure figcaption {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  text-align: left;
}

/* ================================================================
   TABLES
   ================================================================ */
.d-article table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.d-article th {
  background: hsl(0,0%,96%);
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
  text-align: left;
}

.d-article td {
  padding: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

/* ================================================================
   SIDENOTES — float into gutter column
   ================================================================ */
.sidenote {
  float: right;
  clear: right;
  margin-right: -244px;
  width: 192px;
  font-size: 0.77rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  margin-top: 0.1em;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  padding-left: 0.65rem;
  border-left: 2px solid #80cbc4;
}

/* ================================================================
   MATH
   ================================================================ */
.d-article .MathJax_Display,
.d-article mjx-container[display="true"] {
  margin: 1rem 0 !important;
  overflow-x: auto;
}

/* ================================================================
   CODE
   ================================================================ */
.d-article pre {
  background: hsl(0,0%,97.5%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  overflow-x: auto;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.d-article code {
  font-size: 0.88em;
  background: hsl(0,0%,95.5%);
  padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
  border-radius: 3px;
}

.d-article pre code {
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0;
}

/* ================================================================
   GATE ROW (logic gate diagrams)
   ================================================================ */
.gate-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  justify-content: center;
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.gate-box {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.gate-label {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  text-align: center;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* ================================================================
   TIMELINE
   ================================================================ */
.timeline {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 2rem;
  margin: 2rem 0;
}

.timeline::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0.45rem;
  top: 0.5rem;
  bottom: 0.5rem;
  width: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #009688, #80cbc4);
}

.tl-item {
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.tl-dot {
  position: absolute;
  left: -1.72rem;
  top: 0.3rem;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #009688;
  border: 2px solid #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #009688;
}

.tl-year {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: #009688;
  margin-bottom: 0.15rem;
}

.tl-title {
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.82);
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.tl-body {
  font-size: 0.87rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.62);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

/* ================================================================
   INTERACTIVE WIDGETS
   ================================================================ */
.boundary-canvas,
.d-article canvas {
  display: block;
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-radius: 4px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  background: hsl(0,0%,99%);
}

.slider-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
  max-width: 460px;
  margin: 0.5rem auto 0;
}

.slider-row input[type=range] {
  flex: 1;
  accent-color: #009688;
}

.slider-val {
  min-width: 2.5rem;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.75);
}

.btn-row {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.nn-btn {
  padding: 0.3rem 0.9rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: #fff;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.7);
  font-family: inherit;
  transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}

.nn-btn:hover {
  background: #009688;
  color: #fff;
  border-color: #009688;
}

/* ================================================================
   EXTERNAL DEMO LINKS
   ================================================================ */
.demo-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin: 1.25rem 0;
  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
  background: hsl(174, 20%, 97%);
  border-left: 3px solid #009688;
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}
.demo-link a {
  color: #009688;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.demo-link a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.demo-link .demo-label {
  color: #555;
}

/* ================================================================
   FOOTNOTE POPUPS
   ================================================================ */
.fn-popup {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 1000;
  max-width: 340px;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: #333;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.15s ease;
}
.fn-popup.visible {
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Hide the footnotes section at the bottom when all are used as popups */
.d-article .footnotes {
  display: none;
}

/* Style the footnote superscript markers */
.d-article sup[id^="fnref"] a {
  color: #009688;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0 1px;
  cursor: default;
}

/* ================================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ================================================================ */
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .d-article-grid {
    grid-template-columns:
      [screen-start] 1rem
      [toc-start] 200px
      [toc-end text-start] 1fr
      [text-end gutter-start gutter-end] 1rem
      [screen-end];
    column-gap: 28px;
  }

  .sidenote {
    float: none;
    margin: 0.75rem 0;
    width: auto;
    display: block;
    background: hsl(174, 20%, 97%);
    border-left: 2px solid #80cbc4;
    border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .d-article-grid {
    grid-template-columns: [screen-start toc-start text-start] 1fr [toc-end text-end gutter-start gutter-end screen-end];
    padding: 2rem 1.25rem 4rem;
  }

  .d-contents {
    position: static;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    padding-bottom: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
  }

  .d-title {
    padding-left: 1.25rem;
    padding-top: 3rem;
  }

  .d-byline {
    padding-left: 1.25rem;
  }

  .d-title h1 { font-size: 2.2rem; }
  .d-article { font-size: 0.95rem; }
}